Wood impregnation.



e. e. CARVER.

WOOD IMPREGNATION. APPLICATION ElLED MAY 20. 1915.

1,256,200. Patented Feb. 12,1918.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb.'12,1918l Application filed ma 20, 1915., fififlal No.28,272.

I To all whom-2'1 may concern:

'Be it known that I, Gnonon G.-Canvnn, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica,'.re-

siding at Toledo, Lucas county, Ghio, have connection with a porous,cellular or normally interstice carrying'material of additionalmaterial.

- This invention has utility charging wood, especially forantisepticizing and waterproofi'ng, thereby acting as a preservative andoffering greater resistance against K weather attacks when the materialisilsed for railroad tics, piles, poles, paving blocks, etc. Referringto the drawings: Figure 11s a greatly enlarged cross section of aninterstice carrying material, wood;

- Fig. 2 is a view at right angles to the plane of the showing in Fig.1, showing the general direction of the pores, cells orinterstices;

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1, indicating the penetration forinitiallyffully charging the wood, say with an impregnating solution or"waterproofing liquid, ashot coal tar or creosote;

Fig. 4 is afragmentary section longitudi nally of the intersticesshowing irregular superficial impregnation as develoried initiall Fig. 5is a view similar to ign 1, in icating uniform cell coating orinterstice wall painting produced in connection with compressible fluidinterstice clearing or penetration assisting treatment initially; 3 Fig.6 is a view at-right angles to the plane of the showing in Fig. 5,showing the uniform penetration of the interstice coatingzor woodantisepticizing treatment;

ig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 1,'in'dicating uniform full charging ofthe initially interstice cleared wood, so of Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 is a view at rig t an les to theplane of the showing in Fig. 7, sowing the uniform penetration of the full charge lon- 3 gitudinally, ofthe interstices;

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. l, showing the initially opened andcoated interstices and'the superficially sealed or fully chargedtreatment of the wood to a less penetration extent than is shown in Fig.7

Fig.- 10 is a view in fragmentary section This invention relates toincorporation in v pressure constant longitudinally of the wood poresor-interstices, showing wood interiorly fully coated and superficiallyfully charged, with the penetration to a less complete. extent, than theshowing in'Fig. 8; and

Fig. '11 is a perspective view of a piece of treated material in theform of a wood paving block.

The interstice carrying material, as wood, may have the interstices]. ofthe. spring or rapid growth periods, and more-closely Walled interstices2 of the summer or slower growth period (Figs. 1, 2).

Notwithstanding the porosity of woods, the interstices naturally vawidely in the resistance to penetration an more particularly by heavyfluids, as waterproofing liquids of the. hydrocarbon series, even thoughheated. Submerging the wood in hot oil or incompressible fluid andsubjecting to pressure may produce the irregular superficial penetrationin impregnating the ope]; cells 3 and the'smaller cells 4 (Figs. 3, 4 a

k To overcome these irregularities, and

thereby make more certain the production of a-reliably impregnatedproduct to withstand weathering attacks, the wood to be treated issubjected to initial compressible fluid or gaseous pressure, say byplacing the material in a treating vessel and pumping air This actionshould compress the readily I penetrating gas into the most. remote andsmall interstices, tending to rupture thin interstice Walls interferingw1th the penetration of the uniform compression throughout the woodmass. While still carrying this compressible charge, the blocks may besubmerged, in a coating or impregnating solution, say hot creosote oiland the pressure then run up to say ten atmospheres. This liquidwill-enter the interstices opened by the compressed air. Withtemperature and for a while, uniform permention is assisted.

Lowering the pressure say to 20 inches of mercury and drawing 0d of theliquid allows the compressed gas in the timber to expel uniformly aconslderabl'e portion of the oil which entered the timber. The result awood i whi h he, in e s ce e 1 1 tormly thinly coated their walls, andthe interstices cleared uniformly by the outfiowing of the compressedair. The spring interst ces 5 and smaller summer interstices .(Eies ,5,6) a e recep acle nd ed formly aseptrc. e

With the interstices thus prepared for sealing or fully charging, thewood may be resubmerged, say in hot oil, whieh may be at a temperatureof say 150 F, lnthlS mstance and in the initial submerging. Again thepressureis raised, say to three to five atmospheres, resulting in auniform impregnation of the interstices 7 8(Figs. 7,

8), permitting a maximum and uniformcharge even in widely differingtimbers and woods normally resisting penetration.

Insteadof rendering antiseptic and fully charging in the Waterproofingmaterial to procure a maximum impregnation, a superior antiseptic andsealed or superficially waterproofed material may be produced bysubjecting to a less strenuous resubmer ing pressure treatment. There isthen the e I ective superficial sealing of the interstices 9,

10,'wit h the interior thinly coated and antiseptic interstices ,5, 6,afl'ording space to take care of expansion and Weathering penetration ofthe fully charged superficial interstices he treated material or woodblock 11 (Fig.' ll), is dependable uniformly as to i exposed "surfaces,for notwithstanding the natural Variation in intersticial form, due togrowth conditions andv soil, as well as weather and other changescausing continual departures from uniformity, the highly penetrablecompressed air, has provided communication between the interstices, The.

hydraulic pressure of a'liquid on the compressed air has increased thecompression and rupturing action of these two fluids. In the treatmentthe blowing out oi? the compressed air upon releaseeof pressure thinlypaints or coats the timber cells in'a most thorough manner and leavesthe passages open, and open uniformly superficially for effective fullcharging orsuperficial but still true sealing, as may be desired.

,What is clainiedand 1t is desired to secure by Letters Patent is: I

' l. The process otproviding sealed internal expansion space in thetreating of wood sure, Withdrawing I cell's.

aesaeoo ing submerging to provide space in the wood interior of thissecond treatment for the second treatment to expand theremto.

2. The process of providing sealed inter nal expanslon space intreatingwood com;

prising, first, coating the cell walls" by subjecting the wood to gaspressure and with the gas still entrained in the wood, submergi'ng saidwood in a preserving liquid, sub-' jecting said submerged wood toincreased ressure,,lowerin'g the pressure and removimg the excess'submerging liquid expressed from the wood by the expandmg gas due tothe lowering of such pressure, and, second,

superficially fully impregnating the wood with a Substance for efiectivewaterproof sealing of the unfilled interior coated v walls thatexpansion of the sealing substance may' occur thereinto. a I

3. The method of providing sealed internal expansion space in treatingwood comprising, first,coating the cell Walls by subjecting the woodtogas pressure and without relieving the gas pressure, subjecting thesame to a 51th of a preserving substance under a'higher pressure thanthe gas presthe surplus substance,

and immediately subjecting the wood to a partial vacuum therebyextractinga portion of thepresefving substance from the wood,

and, second, superficially fully impregnat'-.

ing the Wood for efi'ective water-proofing by submergmg the-wood in animpregnating liquid, subjecting said submerged'wood to" pressureless'than the pressure employed in the firsttreatment whereby theexterior cells unay ,be sealed and expanslonof-the scaling liquid mayoccur into the internal coated I In testimony in the presence of twowitnesses.

" a 1- cas es,

"Witnessesr I A. E. Magm 7 R. F. SCENEmEpg, 4

whereof I afix any signature

